Sunday, December 30, 2012

114. Menggunakan 'be'

Menggunakan perkataan Inggeris 'be'

Perkataan Inggeris 'be' tidak mempunyai makna khusus dalam bahasa Melayu.

Dalam bahasa Inggeris, perkataan 'be' boleh digunakan dalam pelbagai struktur dan menghasilkan pelbagai makna (makna-makna yang berlainan bergantung kepada penggunaannya).

Berikut ialah beberapa keadaan/struktur dimana perkataan 'be' digunakan.

1. 'Be' digunakan dalam memberi arahan atau membuat permintaan.
2. 'Be' digunakan dalam memberi arahan atau membuat permintaan dengan lebih sopan.
3. 'Be' digunakan dalam membuat tegahan.
4. 'Be' digunakan untuk membawa bentuk pasif.
5. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'supaya' atau 'untuk'.
6. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'berada' (bagi 'tempat').
7. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'jadi' (bagi 'sikap').
8. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'jadi' atau 'menjadi' (bagi jawatan).
9. 'Should be' boleh bermakna 'sepatutnya' (bagi 'non-verb').
10.'Should be' boleh bermakna 'sepatutnya di....
11.'Should be' boleh bermakna 'sepatutnya' (bagi 'gerund').
12.'Ought to be' boleh bermakna 'mesti', 'mestilah'.
13.'Ought to be' boleh bermakna 'mesti di..'.
14.'Ought to be' boleh bermakna 'mesti' (bagi 'gerund').
15.'Will be' bermakna 'akan' (bagi 'non-verb').
16.'Will be' + ('past participle') boleh bermakna 'akan di(pasif)'.
17.'Will be' boleh bermakna 'akan' jika diikuti dengan 'gerund'.
18.'Would be' boleh bermakna 'akan menjadi'.
19.'Would be' juga boleh bermakna 'bakal'.
20.'Would be' jika diikuti oleh ('non-verb') boleh bermakna 'akan'.
21.'Would be' jika diikuti dengan 'past participle' boleh bermakna 'akan di(pasif)'.
22.'Would be' jika diikuti dengan 'gerund' boleh bererti 'akan'.
23.'Can be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'.
24.'Can be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.
25.'Could be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'.
26.'Could be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.
27.'Could be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'.
28.'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'.
29.'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.
30.'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'.
31.'Must not be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'.
32.'Must not be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.
33.'Used to be' boleh bermaksud 'biasa'.



1. 'Be' boleh digunakan dalam memberi arahan atau membuat permintaan.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah 'be' + ('non-verb').

Dalam struktur ini, perkataan 'be' diikuti dengan + 'non-verb' tertentu.

Contohnya :

EnglishMelayu
Be happyGembiralah
Be kindBuat baiklah
Be quietSenyaplah
Be friendsJadilah kawan
Be carefulBerhati-hatilah
Be here tomorrowBeradalah di sini esok
Be there tomorrowBeradalah di sana esok
Be at the airport tomorrowBeradalah di lapangan terbang esok
Be patienceBersabarlah
Be frankJujurlah
Be an optimistJadilah orang yang berkeyakinan
Be my third eyeJadilah mata saya yang ketiga

Catitan :

- 1. Di sini, perkataan 'be' mungkin bermakna 'lah' atau 'jadilah'.
- 2. Perkataan 'be' tidak digunakan pada 'action verb'. Contohnya, tiada : 'be talk'.

2. 'Be' digunakan dalam memberi arahan atau membuat permintaan dengan lebih sopan.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'be' diikuti dengan perkataan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Please be seatedSila duduk
Please be advisedSila maklum
Please be informedSila maklum
Please be notedSila maklum
Please be remindedSila ingat
Please be quietTolong senyap
Please be normalTolong buat macam biasa
Please be frankTolonglah bersikap jujur
Please be kind to orphansTolonglah berlaku baik terhadap anak yatim
Please be my strengthTolonglah jadi sumber kekuatan saya
Please be mineYolonglah jadi saya punya

Catitan :

- 1. Kombinasi ini seakan membawa bentuk pasif tapi sebenarnya adalah cara lebih sopan.
- 2. Perkataan 'please' digunakan supaya lebih sopan.

3. 'Be' digunakan dalam membuat tegahan

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Do not be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'do not be' diikuti dengan perkataan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayuCatitan
Do not be too happyJangan terlalu gembira
Do not too happy-(Salah)
Do not be sadJangan sedih
Jangan bersedih
Do not sad-(Salah)
Do not be greedyJangan tamak
Do not greedy-(Salah)
Do not be angryJangan marah
Do not angry-(Dalah)
Do not be absurdJangan macam-macam
dD not absurd-(Salah)

Catitan :

- 1. Bagi 'action verb', gunakan 'do not'. Contohnya : 'Do not talk'.
- 2. Perkataan 'do not' boleh membawa makna 'jangan'.
- 3. Dalam contoh diatas, 'be' boleh bermakna 'menjadi' atau 'jadi' tapi disenyapkan.
- 4. 'Do not be' biasanya diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.
- 5. 'Do not' boleh diringkaskan menjadi 'don't'.
- 6. Tiada perkataan 'doesn't be'.

4. 'Be' digunakan untuk membawa bentuk pasif

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'To be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'to be' diikuti dengan perkataan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
If I were to be born again, I would be a musicianKalaulah saya dilahirkan semula, saya akan jadi juru muzik
They need to be fedMereka perlu diberi makan
Candidates to be picked todayCalon-calon akan dipilih hari ini
To be blockedAkan ditahan
A new shop is to be opened tomorrowSebuah kedai baharu akan dibuka esok
To be repairedAkan dibaiki

Disini, perkataan 'to be' boleh membawa makna 'di' atau 'akan di(pasif)' atau 'untuk di(pasif)' dalam bentuk pasif.

5. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'supaya' atau 'untuk'

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'To be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini bermakna begini : Perkataan 'to be' diikuti dengan ('non-verb') tertentu.

EnglishMelayuCatitan
To be happy, one must ...Supaya jadi ceria, seseorang mestilah ...
To be more productive, you must ...Supaya lebih produktif, anda mestilah ...
It pays to be politeIa berbaloi untuk bersikap baik
I am glad to be with youSaya suka untuk bersama awak
I like to be strongSaya suka untuk jadi kuat
To be on time, you must be here before eightUntuk menepati masa, awak mesti berada disini sebelum pukul 8
To be valuable, an old carpet must be in good conditionSupaya mempunyai nilai, permaidani lama mestilah dalam keadaan yang baik

Catitan :

- Perkataan 'to be' boleh membawa makna 'supaya', 'supaya jadi', 'untuk', 'untuk jadi' atau 'nak jadi'.

6. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'berada'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'To be' + arah/kedudukan/tempat.

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : 'To be' diikuti dengan nama arah atau kedudukan atau tempat.

EnglishMelayu
I want to be thereSaya mahu berada di sana
I want to be in KLSaya mahu berada di Kuala Lumpur
He is supposed to be hereDia sepatutnya berada di sini

Catitan :

- 'Arah/kedudukan/tempat' adalah satu bentuk 'non-verb'.

7. 'To be' boleh bermakna 'jadi'

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'To be' + sikap.

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : 'To be' diikuti dengan nama sikap.

EnglishMelayu
I don't want to be lameSaya tidak mahu jadi lemah
I want to be strongSaya mahu jadi kuat
I want to be coolSaya mahu jadi tegas
I want to be goodSaya mahu jadi baik
I don't want to be weakSaya tak mahu jadi lembik

Catitan :

- 'Sikap' adalah satu bentuk 'non-verb'.

8. 'To be' boleh bermakna jadi atau menjadi atau untuk menjadi (bagi jawatan).

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'To be' + jawatan.

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : 'To be' diikuti dengan jawatan.

EnglishMelayu
It's better to be an optimistAdalah lebih baik menjadi seorang yang berkeyakinan
Who wants to be a millionaireSiapa yang mahu jadi jutawan
How to be a film producerBagaimana mahu jadi pengeluar filem
To be a F1 driverUntuk menjadi pemandu F1
To be a memberUntuk menjadi ahli
He wants to be a pilotDia mahu jadi pilot

Catitan :

- 'Jawatan' adalah satu bentuk 'non-verb' (bukan perbuatan).

9. 'Should be' boleh bermakna sepatutnya (bagi 'non-verb')

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'should be' + ('non-verb')'.

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'should be' diikuti 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You should be thankful to be aliveAwak sepatutnya berterima kasih kerana hidup
You should be friendlyAwak sepatutnya peramah
Threats you should be awareAncaman yang sepatutnya anda sedari
Everyday should be SaturdaySetiap hari sepatutnya hari Sabtu
Should be legalSepatutnya sah dari segi undang-undang

10. 'Should be' + ('past participle') boleh bermakna 'sepatutnya di(pasif)

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Should be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'should be' diikuti 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
The first letter should be capitalisedHuruf pertama sepatutnya dalam huruf besar
Should be forced to doSepatutnya dipaksa untuk buat
Should be held in hallSepatutnya diadakan di dewan
Should be noted in bookSepatutnya dicatit dalam buku
Should be countedSeharusnya diambilkira

Catitan :

- Ada sesetengah perkataan Inggeris yang berakhir dengan 'ed' tapi ia bukan 'past participle' tapi memang perkataan asal. Contohnya : "Should be terrified" (sepatutnya sangat takut).

11. 'Should be' boleh bermakna 'sepatutnya' (bila digandingkan dengan 'gerund')

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Should be' + ('gerund')

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'should be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Should be using this toolSepatutnya menggunakan alat ini
Should be targeting the podiumSepatutnya mensasarkan podium
Should be investing in the fundSepatutnya melabur dalam dana itu
Should be doing what he is supposed to doDepatutnya melakukan apa yang sepatutnya dia buat
Should be eating slowlySepatutnya mengunyah dengan perlahan

Catitan :

12. 'Ought to be' boleh bermakna mesti, mestilah

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Ought to be' + ('non-verb')

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'ought to be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Women ought to be as glad to be women as men are to be menWanita mestilah gembira sebagai wanita sebagaimana laki-laki gembira sebagai laki-laki
What ought to be done ?Apa yang mesti dilakukan ?
Parents ought to be more vigilant about childrenIbu bapa mestilah lebih berawas terhadap anak-anak
They ought to be homeMereka mesti sudah berada di rumah
This ought to be enough for three of usIni mesti cukup untuk kita bertiga


13. 'Ought to be' + ('past participle') bermakna 'mesti di(pasif)'

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Ought to be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'ought to be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Ought to be prosecutedMesti dihukum
Ought to be allowedMesti dibenarkan
Ought to be ashamedMesti berasa malu
Ought to be calledMesti dipanggil
Ought to be treated as suchMesti dilayan sepatutnya

Catitan :

- Kombinasi perkataan 'be' + ('past participle')' menjadi satu bentuk 'pasif'.

- Struktur ini bermakna 'mesti di(pasif)'.

14. 'Ought to be' boleh digandingkan dengan 'gerund'

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Ought to be' + ('gerund').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'ought to be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You ought to be getting readyAwak mesti bersedia
You ought to be leaving nowAwak mesti pergi sekarang
You ought to be resigningAwak mesti meletak jawatan
You ought to be workingAwak mesti berkerja
You ought to be bloggingAwak mesti berblog

Catitan :

- 'Ought to be' bermaksud 'mesti'.

15. 'Will be' boleh digandingkan dengan 'non-verb'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Will be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'will be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You must take some food, otherwise you will be hungryAwak mesti makan sedikit, jika tidak awak akan lapar
The forum will be in EnglishForum itu akan menggunakan bahasa Inggeris
He will be the next presidentDia akan jadi presiden yang seterusnya
wWich friends will be your best friends forever ?Kawan yang manakah akan jadi kawan baik awak selamanya ?
The issue will be controversialIsu itu akan jadi kontroversial
The item will be obsolete in 5 yearsItem itu akan jadi ketinggalan zaman dalam masa 5 tahun
He will be part of the teamDia akan jadi sebahagian dari ahli pasukan

Catitan :

- 'Will be' bermaksud 'akan' atau 'akan jadi' atau 'akan menggunakan'.

16. 'Will be' boleh digandingksn dengan ('past participle')

Struktur yang digunakan : 'Will be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'will be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Crops will be destroyed by salt-waterTanaman akan dimusnahkan oleh air masin
Illegals will be forced outPendatang tidak sah akan dipaksa keluar
They will be served with good foodMereka akan dihidangkan dengan makanan yang baik
We will be fined RM100Kami akan didenda RM100
Who will be blamed ?Siapa akan dipersalahkan ?
He will be denied entryDia tidak akan dibenarkan masuk

Catitan :

- Kombinasi perkataan 'be' + ('past participle')' boleh bermakna 'akan di(pasif).'
- Kombinasi perkataan 'be' + ('past participle')' menjadi satu bentuk 'pasif'.

17. 'Will be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'

Struktur yang digunakan : 'Will be' + ('gerund').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'will be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
They will be talking about itMereka akan bercakap mengenai hal itu
Coach will be watching the playerJurulatih akan memerhatikan pemain tersebut
Proton will be launching a new modelProton akan melancarkan satu model baru
He will be singing my nameDia akan menyanyikan nama saya
We will be waitingKami akan menunggu

Catitan :

- Ingat : 'Gerund' bermakna 'nama perbuatan'.
- 'Will be' bermakna 'akan' jika digandingkan dengan 'gerund'.

18. 'Would be' boleh diikuti dengan ('non-verb')

Struktur yang digunakan : 'Would be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'would be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
That would be twenty words instead of fourItu akan menjadi dua puluh perkataan bukan empat
If men were angels, no government would be necessaryKalau laki-laki itu malaikat, tidak perlu ada kerajaan
Don't be worry, it would be easyJangan bimbang, ia akan jadi mudah
I would be glad to helpSaya akan gembira untuk menolong
Would be funAkan menyeronokkan
I would rather be rich than poorSaya lebih suka jadi kaya dari miskin

Catitan :

- 'Would be' adalah 'past tense' bagi 'will be'.

- 'Would be' adalah masa depan bagi masa dahulu.
- 'Would be' jika diikuti dengan 'non-verb' bermakna 'akan menjadi'.

19. 'Would be' boleh bermakna 'bakal'.

EnglishMelayu
Would be groomBakal pengantin
Would be parentsBakal ibu bapa
Would be queenBakal permaisuri
Would be robberBakal perompak
Would be Prime MinisterBakal Perdana Menteri

20. 'Would be' boleh diikuti oleh ('non-verb')

Struktur penggunaannya ialah : 'Would be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'would be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You would be hungryAwak akan lapar
The forum would be in EnglishForum akan menggunakan bahasa Inggeris
He would be the next presidentDia akan jadi presiden yang seterusnya
Which friends would be your best friends forever ?Kawan yang manakah akan jadi kawan baik selamanya ?
The issue would be controversialIsu itu akan jadi kontroversial
The item would be obsolete in 5 yearsItem itu akan jadi ketinggalan zaman dalam masa 5 tahun
He would be part of the teamDia akan jadi sebahagian dari ahli pasukan
Catitan :

- 'Would be' boleh bermaksud 'akan' atau 'akan jadi' atau 'akan menggunakan'.
- 'Would be' adalah 'past tense' bagi 'will be'.

21. 'Would be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Would be' + ('Past Participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'would be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Crops would be destroyed by salt-waterTanaman akan dimusnahkan oleh air masin
Illegals would be forced outPendatang tidak sah akan dipaksa keluar
They would be served with good foodMereka akan dihidangkan dengan makanan yang baik
We would be fined RM100Kami akan didenda RM100
Who would be blamed ?Siapa akan dipersalahkan ?

Catitan :

- Kombinasi 'would be' + ('past participle') tertentu bermakna 'akan di(pasif)'.
- Kombinasi 'would be' + ('past participle') adalah 'past tense' bagi kombinasi 'will be' + ('past participle')

22. 'Would be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'

Struktur penggunaannya ialah : 'Would be' + ('gerund').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'would be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
They would be talking about itMereka akan bercakap mengenai hal itu
Coach would be watching the playerJurulatih akan memerhatikan pemain tersebut
Proton would be launching a new modelProton akan melancarkan satu model baru
He would be singing my nameDia akan menyebut-nyebut nama saya
We would be waitingKami akan menunggu

Catitan :

- Ingat : 'Gerund' bermakna 'nama perbuatan'.
- 'Would be' jika diikuti dengan 'gerund' bererti 'akan'.
23. 'Can be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'.

Struktur penggunaannya ialah : 'Can be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'can be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
That can be my next tweetItu boleh jadi tweet saya yang seterusnya
That can my next tweet(Salah)
Anything can beApa-apa pun boleh jadi
Anything canApa-apa pun boleh
You can be kingAwak boleh jadi raja
You can become kingAwak boleh menjadi raja
You can king(Kalah)
It can be costlyIa boleh jadi sangat mahal
It can become costlyIa boleh menjadi sangat mahal
Can be world classBoleh jadi bertaraf dunia
Can become world classBoleh menjadi bertaraf dunia
Can world class(Salah)

Catitan :

- 'Can be' bermaksud 'boleh jadi'.

24. 'Can be' boleh diikuti dengan ('past participle')

Struktur penggunaannys ialah : 'Can be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'can be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Anything that can be misunderstood will beApa-apa yang boleh disalah fahami akan di salahfahami
The answer can be found at the backJawapannya boleh dijumpai di belakang
The problem can be resolved soonMasalah itu boleh diselesaikan tidak lama lagi
Can be legalisedBoleh disahkan dari segi undang-undang
Can be shippedBoleh dihantar dengan kapal laut

Catitan :

- 'Can be' + 'past participle' boleh bermakna 'boleh di(pasif)'.

25. 'Could be' boleh diikuti 'non-verb'

Struktur penggunaannys ialah : 'Could be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'could be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
If you don't eat breakfast, you won't be as efficient at work as you could beKalau awak tidak bersarapan, awak tidak akan secekap yang sepatutnya dalam berkerja
I thought you would be the last personSaya fikir awak boleh menjadi orang terakhir
Wish I could be thereHarap saya boleh berada di sana
Could be synonymsBoleh jadi sama makna
Could be antonymsBoleh jadi berlawanan makna

Catitan :

- 'Could' adalah 'past tense' bagi 'can'.
- 'Could be' atau 'can be' bermakna 'boleh menjadi'.

26. 'Could be' boleh diikuti dengan 'Past Participle'.

Struktur penggunaannya ialah : 'Could be' + ('Past Participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'could be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Could be usedBoleh digunakan
Could be foundBoleh dijumpai
Could be takenBoleh diambil
Could be createdBoleh dicipta

Catitan :

- 'Could be' + ('past participle')' bermakna 'boleh di(pasif)'.

27. 'Could be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Could be' + ('gerund').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'could be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Could be showing the doorBoleh jadi menunjukkan jalan keluar
Could be contributing factorBoleh jadi faktor yang menyumbang
Could be losing weightBoleh jadi kehilangan berat
Could be missingBoleh jadi hilang
Could be launchingBoleh jadi melancarkan

Catitan :

- 'Could be' + ('gerund')' bermakna 'boleh jadi (nama perbuatan)'.

28. 'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'

Struktut yang digunakan ialah : 'Must be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'must be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Education must be a continuing processPendidikan mestilah satu proses yang berpanjangan
Must be something hereMesti ada sesuatu di sini
This must be the placeIni mesti tempatnya
The attire must be attractivePakaiannya mesti menarik
You must be off-duty, I guessAwak mesti tidak bertugas, saya agak

Catitan :

- 'Must be' bermakna 'mesti'.

29. 'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'Past Participle'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Must be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'must be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
Gun laws must be revisedUndang-undang berkenaan senjata mesti dikaji semula
Must be estimatedMesti dianggarkan
Must be stoppedMesti diberhentikan
Must be tackledMesti ditangani
Must be paidMesti dibayar

Catitan :

- Struktur ini bermakna 'mesti di(pasif)'.

30. 'Must be' boleh diikuti dengan 'gerund'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Must be' + ('gerund').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'must be' diikuti dengan 'gerund' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You must be jokingAwak mesti berjenaka
You must be cheatingAwak mesti (sedang) menipu
You must be movingAwak mesti (sedang) berpindah
You must be working at that companyAwak mesti (sedang) berkerja di syarikat itu
You must be travelling oftenAwak mesti berjalan selalu

Catitan :

- Struktur ini bermakna 'mesti (nama perbuatan)'.

31. 'Must not be' boleh diikuti dengan 'non-verb'

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Must not be' + ('non-verb').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'must not be' diikuti dengan 'non-verb' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
You must not be stubbornAwak mestilah jangan keras kepala
That must not be JohanItu mesti bukan Johan
Must not be quarrelsomeMesti tidak suka bergaduh
Must not be afraidMesti tidak takut
Must not be enemiesMesti bukan musuh

Catitan :

- Struktur ini biasanya bermakna 'mesti tidak' atau 'mesti bukan'.

32. 'Must not be' boleh diikuti dengan 'past participle'.

Struktur yang digunakan ialah : 'Must not be' + ('past participle').

Struktur ini berbentuk begini : Perkataan 'must not be' diikuti dengan 'past participle' tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
This opportunity must not be wastedPeluang ini mestilah tidak disia-siakan
Must not be playedMesti tidak dimainkan
Must not be drankMesti tidak diminum
Must not be namedMesti tidak dinamakan
Must not be delayedMesti tidak dilambatkan

Catitan :

- Struktur ini bermakna 'mesti tidak di(pasif)'.

33. 'Used to be'

EnglishMelayu
There used to be a bridge hereDahulu ada jambatan di sini
He is not the person he used to beDia tidak seperti dahulu
I'm not as healthy as I used to beSaya tidak sesihat seperti dahulu
There used to be a large park hereDahulu ada taman yang besar di sini
I used to be youngSaya dahulu muda

Catitan :

- 'Used to be' bermakna 'dahulu' atau 'seperti dahulu'.

- Perhatian : Ejaannya ialah 'used to be' bukan 'use to be', iaitu ada tambahan huruf 'd' pada perkataan 'use'.

Dalam bahasa Inggeris, perkataan 'be' adalah sebahagian dari verb 'to be'. Verb 'to be' terdiri dari perkataan-perkataan/frasa berikut :

EnglishMelayu - aktifMelayu - soalan
Am, is, are, was, wereIalah, adalahAdakah
Has, have, hadAda, mempunyaiAdakah mempunyai
Has been, have been, had beenSudahSudahkah
Am being, is being, are being, was being, were beingSedangAdakah sedang
Do, does, didMemangAdakah memang
Can, couldBolehAdakah boleh, bolehkah
May, mightMungkinAdakah mungkin, mungkinkah
Will, wouldAkanAdakah akan
Shall, shouldSepatutnyaAdakah sepatutnya
MustMestiAdakah mesti, mestikah
Be, been, being - -

115. Menggunakan 'been'

Menggunakan perkataan Inggeris 'been'

Perkataan 'been' tidak mempunyai makna tertentu dalam bahasa Melayu, tetapi digunakan meluas dalam bahasa Inggeris.

Perkataan 'been' digunakan :

1. Bagi 'verb' ('action verb' dan 'non-action verb') :

1.1. Dalam 'Perfect tense' (semua bentuk iaitu 'aktif, negatif, pasif, negatif + pasif, soalan aktif, soalan negatif, soalan pasif, soalan negatif + pasif'.

1.2. Dalam 'Perfect Continuous tense' seperti 'Present Perfect Continuous tense, Past Perfect Continuous tense, Future Perfect Continuous tense'.

2. Bagi 'non-verb' :

2.1. Dalam ayat bentuk 'aktif, negatif, soalan aktif, soalan negatif, dalam 'Perfect tense' seperti 'Present Perfect tense, Past Perfect tense, Future Perfect tense'.

Perkataan 'been' tidak digunakan :

1. Bagi 'verb' ('action verb' dan 'non-action verb') :

1.1. Dalam 'Present tense' (semua bentuk iaitu 'aktif, negatif, pasif, negatif + pasif, soalan aktif, soalan negatif, soalan pasif, soalan negatif + pasif').

1.2. Dalam 'Past tense (semua bentuk iaitu 'aktif, negatif, pasif, negatif + pasif, soalan aktif, soalan negatif, soalan pasif, soalan negatif + pasif'.

Berikut adalah contoh beberapa struktur dimana perkataan 'been' biasa digunakan.

1. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('non-verb').
2. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('past participle').
3. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('present participle').
4. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('non-verb').
5. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('past participle').
6. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('present participle').
7. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('non-verb').
8. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('past participle').
9. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('present participle').
10.'Has' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('non-verb').
11.'Has' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('past participle').
12.'Has' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('present participle').
13.'Have' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('non-verb').
14.'Have' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('past participle').
15.'Have' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('present participle').
16.'Had' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('non-verb').
17.'Had' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('past participle').
18.'Had' + (Objek) + 'been' + ('present participle').
19.Lain-lain.

'Has been' adalah satu bentuk 'present perfect tense' bagi objek 'singular' bentuk aktif.
'Have been' adalah satu bentuk 'present perfect tense' bagi objek 'I, you, plural' bentuk aktif.
'Had been' adalah satu bentuk 'past perfect tense' bagi semua objek (I, you,'singular', 'plural') bentuk aktif.

Perkataan 'been' menghasilkan pelbagai makna dalam pelbagai penggunaannya.



1. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('non-verb')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect tense' bentuk 'aktif' bagi objek 'singular' yang digabungkan dengan 'non-verb'.

Disini, kombinasi 'has been' bermaksud 'sudah' atau 'selama ini' atau 'dari dulu hingga sekarang'.

EnglishMelayu
He has been busy since this morningDia sebok sejak pagi tadi (hingga sekarang)
It has been a long time before we meet againIa satu tempoh yang lama sebelum kita berjumpa lagi
He has been sick since last weekDia sakit sejak minggu lepas (hingga sekarang)
He has been kindDia baik (dari dulu hingga sekarang)
He has been like a fatherDia sudah seperti bapa (dari dulu hingga sekarang)
He has been free since a year agoDia sudah bebas sejak setahun lalu

2. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('past participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect tense' bagi objek 'singular' yang digabungkan dengan 'past participle' (bagi membentuk ayat pasif).

Apabila kombinasi 'has been' + ('past participle') digunakan, struktur ini bermaksud 'sudah di(pasif)'.

EnglishMelayu
Has been uncoveredSudah ditemui
Has been hackedSudah diceroboh
Has been reversedSudah diputarbalik
Has been matchedSudah dipadankan
Has been openedSudah dibuka
Has been toldSudah diberitahu

3. (Objek) + 'has been' + ('present participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect Continuous tense' bentuk 'aktif' bagi objek 'singular'.

Dalam struktur ini, kombinasi 'has been' bermaksud 'sudah'.

EnglishMelayu
Has been generatingSudah (sedang) menghasilkan
Has been valuingSudah (sedang) menilaikan
Has been teachingSudah (sedang) mengajar
Has been allowingSudah (sedang) membenarkan
Has been writing offSudah (sedang) melupuskan
Has been rainingSudah (sedang) menghujani

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, perkataan ('sedang') sering disenyapkan.
- Ingat : Bagi 'Present Perfect Continuous tense' bererti hal tersebut sudah sedang berlaku dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang.

4. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('non-verb')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect tense' bentuk 'aktif' bagi objek 'I, you, plural'.

Dalam struktur ini, kombinasi 'have been' bermaksud 'sudah'.

EnglishMelayuCatitan
They have been busyMereka sebokStatus 'sebok' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
I have been a teacher for 20 yearsSaya sudah jadi guru selama 20 tahun(Hingga sekarang)
We have been sickKami sakit'Sakit' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
They have been kindMereka baik'Baik' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
I have been thereSaya pernah berada disanaStatus 'pernah' itu kekal hingga sekarang
They have been freeMereka sudah bebasStatus 'bebas' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang

5. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('past participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect tense' bentuk 'pasif' bagi objek 'I, you, plural'.

Apabila kombinasi 'have been + ('past participle') digunakan, struktur ini bermaksud 'sudah di(pasif)'.

Status 'sudah ditawarkan' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarangStatus 'sudah digantung' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarangStatus 'sudah ditahan' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarangStatus 'sudah dianalisa' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarangStatus 'sudah dihasilkan semula' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarangStatus 'sudah diberitahu' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
EnglishMelayuCatitan
I have been offeredSaya sudah ditawarkan
You have been suspendedAwak sudah digantung
They have been blockedMereka sudah ditahan
The data have been analyzedData-data sudah dianalisa
The scenarios have been recreatedSenario-senario sudah dihasikan semula
Ali and Siti have been toldAli dan Siti sudah diberitahu

6. (Objek) + 'have been' + ('present participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Present Perfect Continuous tense' bentuk 'aktif' bagi objek 'I, you, plural'.

Kombinasi 'have been' dalam struktur ini bermakna 'sudah'.

EnglishMelayuCatitan
Have been generatingSudah (sedang) menghasilkanStatus 'sudah (sedang) menghasilkan' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
Have been valuingSudah (sedang) menilaiStatus 'sudah (sedang) menilai' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
Have been teachingSudah (sedang) mengajarStatus 'sudah (sedang) mengajar' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
Have been allowingSudah (sedang) membenarkanStatus 'sudah (sedang) membenarkan' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
Have been writing offSudah (sedang) melupuskanStatus 'sudah (sedang) melupuskan' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang
Have been waitingSudah (sedang) menungguStatus 'sudah (sedang) menunggu' bermula dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, perkataan ('sedang') sering disenyapkan.
- Ingat : Bagi 'Present Perfect Continuous tense' bererti hal tersebut sudah sedang berlaku dari satu masa lepas hingga sekarang.

7. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('non-verb')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Past Perfect tense' bagi bentuk 'aktif' bagi semua objek (I, you, 'singular' atau 'plural').

Kombinasi 'had been' dalam struktur ini bermakna 'sudah' (bagi tempoh masa lepas).

EnglishMelayu
They had been busyMereka sebok
I had been a teacher for 20 yearsSaya sudah jadi guru selama 20 tahun
We had been sickKami sakit
They had been kindMereka baik
I had been thereSaya pernah berada disana

8. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('past participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Past Perfect tense' bentuk 'pasif' bagi semua objek (I, you, 'singular' dan 'plural').

Apabila kombinasi 'had been + ('past participle') digunakan, struktur ini bermaksud 'sudah di(pasif)'.

EnglishMelayu
Had been generatedSudah dihasilkan
Had been valuedSudah dinilaikan
Had been taughtSudah diajar
Had been allowedSudah dibenarkan
Had been written offSudah dilupuskan
Had been marriedSudah berkahwin/dikahwinkan

9. (Objek) + 'had been' + ('present participle')

Struktur ini adalah satu contoh 'Past Perfect Continuous tense' bentuk 'aktif' bagi semua objek (samada 'I', 'you', 'singular' atau 'plural').

Dalam struktur ini, kombinasi 'had been' bermaksud 'sudah'.

EnglishMelayu
Had been generatingSudah menghasilkan
Had been valuingSudah menilaikan
Had been teachingSudah mengajar
Had been allowingSudah membenarkan
Had been writing offSudah melupuskan

10. Lain-lain

EnglishMelayu
Has never beenTidak pernah
Have never beenTidak pernah
Had never beenTidak pernah

Ringkasan

TenseBentukObjekContoh - Non-verbContoh - verb
Present tense - - - -
Present Perfect tenseAktifII have been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseAktifYouYou have been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseAktifPluralWe have been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseAktifSingularHe has been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifIHave I been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifYouHave you been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifPluralHave we been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifSingularHas he been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseNegatifII have not been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseNegatifYouYou have not been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseNegatifPluralWe have not been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseNegatifSingularHe has not been sleepy -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifIHave not I been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifYouHave not you been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralHave not we been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularHas not he been sleepy ? -
Present Perfect tensePasifI - I have been targeted
Present Perfect tensePasifYou - You have been targeted
Present Perfect tensePasifPlural - We have been targeted
Present Perfect tensePasifSingular - He has been targeted
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifI - Have I been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Have you been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Have we been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Has he been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifI - I have not been targeted
Present Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You have not been targeted
Present Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We have not been targeted
Present Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He has not been targeted
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Have not I been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Have not you been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Have not we been targeted ?
Present Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Has not he been targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseAktifII have been being sleepyI have been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseAktifYouYou have been being sleepyYou have been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseAktifPluralWe have been being sleepyWe have been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseAktifSingularHe has been being sleepyHe has been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifIHave I been being sleepy ?Have I been watching TV ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifYouHave you been being sleepy ?Have you been watching TV ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifPluralHave we been being sleepy ?Have they been watching TV ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifSingularHas he been being sleepy ?Has he been watching TV ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifII have not been being sleepyI have not been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifYouYou have not been being sleepyYou have not been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifPluralWe have not been being sleepyWe have not been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifSingularHe has not been being sleepyHe has not been playing
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifIHave not I been being sleepy ?Have not I been eating >
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifYouHave not you been being sleepy ?Have not you been eating ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralHave not we been being sleepy ?Have not they been eating ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularHas not he been being sleepy ?Has not he been eating ?
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He has been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifI - Have I been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Have you been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Have we been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Has he been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He has not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Have not I been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Have not you been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Have not we been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Has not he been being targeted ?
Past tense - - - -
Past Perfect tenseAktifII had been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseAktifYouYou had been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseAktifPluralWe had been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseAktifSingularHe had been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifIHad I been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifYouHad you been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifPluralHad we been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifSingularHad he been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseNegatifII had not been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseNegatifYouYou had not been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseNegatifPluralWe had not been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseNegatifSingularHe had not been sleepy -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifIHad not I been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifYouHad not you been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralHad not we been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularHad not he been sleepy ? -
Past Perfect tensePasifI - I had been targeted
Past Perfect tensePasifYou - You had been targeted
Past Perfect tensePasifPlural - We had been targeted
Past Perfect tensePasifSingular - He had been targeted
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifI - Had I been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Had you been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Had we been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Had he been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifI - I had not been targeted
Past Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You had not been targeted
Past Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We had not been targeted
Past Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He had not been targeted
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Had not I been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Had not you been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Had not we been targeted ?
Past Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Had not he been targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseAktifII had been being sleepyI had been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseAktifYouYou had been being sleepyYou had been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseAktifPluralWe had been being sleepyWe had been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseAktifSingularHe had been being sleepyHe had been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifIHad I been being sleepy ?Had I been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifYouHad you been being sleepy ?Had you been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifPluralHad we been being sleepy ?Had they been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifSingularHad he been being sleepy ?Had he been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifII had not been being sleepyI had not been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifYouYou had not been being sleepyYou had not been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifPluralWe had not been being sleepyWe had not been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifSingularHe had not been being sleepyHe had not been watching TV
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifIHad not I been being sleepy ?Had not I been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifYouHad not you been being sleepy ?Had not you been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralHad not we been being sleepy ?Had not they been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularHad not he been being sleepy ?Had not he been watching TV ?
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifI - Had I been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Had you been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Had we been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Had he been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Had not I been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Had not you been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Had not we been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Had not he been being targeted ?
Future tense - - - -
Future Perfect tenseAktifII will have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseAktifYouYou will have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseAktifPluralWe will have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseAktifSingularHe will have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifIWill I have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifYouWill you have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifPluralWill we have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : AktifSingularWill he have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseNegatifII will not have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseNegatifYouYou will not have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseNegatifPluralWe will not have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseNegatifSingularHe will not have been sleepy -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifIWill not I have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifYouWill not you have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralWill not we have been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularWill not he has been sleepy ? -
Future Perfect tensePasifI - I will have been targeted
Future Perfect tensePasifYou - You will have been targeted
Future Perfect tensePasifPlural - We will have been targeted
Future Perfect tensePasifSingular - He will have been targeted
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifI - Will I have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Will you have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Will we have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Will he have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifI - I will not have been targeted
Future Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You will not have been targeted
Future Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We will not have been targeted
Future Perfect tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He will not have been targeted
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Will not I have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Will not you have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Will not you have been targeted ?
Future Perfect tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Will not he have been targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseAktifII will have been being sleepyI will have been sleeping
Future Perfect Continuous tenseAktifYouYou will have been being sleepyYou will have been sleeping
Future Perfect Continuous tenseAktifPluralWe will have been being sleepyWe will have been sleeping
Future Perfect Continuous tenseAktifSingularHe will have been being sleepyHe will have been sleeping
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifIWill I have been being sleepy ?Will I have been sleeping ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifYouWill you have been being sleepy ?Will you have been sleeping ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifPluralWill we have been being sleepy ?Will we have been sleeping ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : AktifSingularWill he have been being sleepy ?Will he have been sleeping ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifII will not have been being sleepyI will not have been watching TV
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifYouYou will not have been being sleepyYou will not have been watching TV
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifPluralWe will not have been being sleepyWe will not have been watching TV
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatifSingularHe will not have been being sleepyHe will not have been watching TV
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifIWill not I have been being sleepy ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifYouWill not you have been being sleepy ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifPluralWill not we have been being sleepy ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : NegatifSingularWill not he have been being sleepy ?
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifI - Will I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Will you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Will we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Will he have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Will not I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Will not you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Will not we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Will not he have been being targeted ?

116. Menggunakan 'being'

Menggunakan perkataan Inggeris 'being'

Tiada makna khusus bagi 'being' dalam bahasa Melayu tapi banyak kegunaan 'being' dalam bahasa Inggeris.

1. 'Being' boleh bermaksud 'sebagai'.
2. 'Being' boleh bermaksud 'makhluk'.
3. 'Being' boleh bermaksud 'jadi ujud', 'diujudkan'.
4. 'Being' boleh bermaksud 'memandangkan' atau 'oleh kerana'.
5. Kadang-kadang perkataan 'being' boleh diganti dengan perkataan 'because'.
6. Kadang-kadang perkataan 'being' boleh bermakna 'kehidupan' atau 'nyawa'.
7. Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'present continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you' dan 'singular, plural').
8. Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'present perfect continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you' dan 'singular, plural').
9. Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'past continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you' dan 'singular, plural').
10.Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'past perfect continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, plural' dan 'singular').
11.Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'future continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, plural' dan 'singular').
12.Digunakan bagi bentuk 'pasif' bagi 'future perfect continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, plural' dan 'singular').



1. 'Being' boleh bermaksud sebagai.

EnglishMelayu
Being a motherSebagai seorang ibu
Being a teacherSebagai seorang guru
Being a naughty boySebagai seorang budak lelaki yang nakal
Being an actorSebagai seorang aktor
Being a policemanSebagai seorang anggota polis

2. 'Being' boleh bermaksud makhluk atau manusia

EnglishMelayu
Human beingManusia
Strange beingMakhluk aneh

3. 'Being' boleh bermaksud jadi ujud, diujudkan

EnglishMelayu
Something comes into beingSesuatu jadi ujud
The new law is brought into beingUndang-undang itu baru diujudkan
The system was called into beingSistem itu telah diujudkan
Has been called into beingSudah dipanggil untuk diujudkan

4. 'Being' boleh bermaksud memandangkan atau oleh kerana

EnglishMelayu
Being so lazyMemandangkan/oleh kerana sangat malas
Being naughtyMemandangkan/oleh kerana nakal
Being stupidMemandangkan/oleh kerana kebodohannya
Other things being equalYang lain tetap sama
Being what they areMemandangkan mereka seperti itu

5. Kadang-kadang perkataan 'being' boleh diganti dengan perkataan because'

EnglishEnglish substituteMelayu
Being the house's ownerBecause he is the house's ownerOleh kerana dia pemilik rumah
Being late at nightBecause it is late at nightKerana sudah jauh malam
Being niceBecause he is niceKerana dia baik
Being meanbecause he is meanKerana dia sangat kedekut
Being in tensionBecause she is in tensionKerana dia dalam keadaan tegang

6. Kadang-kadang perkataan 'being' boleh bermakna kehidupan atau nyawa

EnglishEnglish substitute
What is the purpose of being ?Apa tujuan hidup ?

7. 'Being' digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Present Continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, singular, plural'.

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'am/is/are' + 'being' + ('Past participle').

Struktur itu berbentuk berikut : (Objek) tertentu diikuti perkataan 'am' atau 'is' atau 'are' diikuti perkataan 'being' diikuti perkatasn ('Past Participle') tertentu.

EnglishMelayu
He is being transferredDia sedang dipindahkan
I disagree with what is being said at this meetingSaya tidak bersetuju dengan apa yang sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat ini
The hostages are being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show is being heldPertunjukan itu sedang diadakan

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, struktur itu bererti begini : (Objek) sedang di(pasif).
- Perkataan 'am' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'I'. Perkataan 'is' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'singular'. Perkataan 'are' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'you, plural'.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'am/is/are' bererti 'ialah/adalah/merupakan'. Dalam bahasa Melayu, ia boleh disenyapkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris ia mesti disebut/dinyatakan.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'being' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sedang di'.
- Perkataan Inggeris ('Past Participle') digunakan bagi menunjukkan hal pasif.

8. Being digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Present Perfect Continuous tense' bagi objek 'I' dan 'singular'.

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'has/have' + 'been' + 'being' + ('Past Participle').

EnglishMelayu
He has been being transferredDia sudah sedang dipindahkan
I disagree with what has been being said at this meetingSaya tidak bersetuju dengan apa yang sudah sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat ini
The hostages have been being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu sudah sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show has been being held since yesterdaypertunjukan itu sudah sedang diadakan dari semalam

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, struktur itu bererti begini : (Objek) sudah sedang di(pasif).
- Perkataan 'has' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'singular'. Perkataan 'have' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'I, you, plural'.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'has/have' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sudah'. Dalam bahasa Melayu, ia boleh disenyapkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris ia mesti disebut/dinyatakan.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'being' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sedang di'.
- Perkataan Inggeris ('Past Participle') digunakan bagi menunjukkan hal pasif.
- Dalam bahasa Melayu, frasa 'sudah sedang' tidak pernah digunakan tapi dinyatakan dalam terjemahan diatas bagi memadankan dengan maksud 'tense' ('Present Perfect Continuous tense') dalam bahasa Inggeris.

9. Being digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Past Continuous tense' bagi objek 'I' dan 'singular'.

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'was/were' + 'being' + ('Past Participle').

EnglishMelayu
He was being transferredDia telah sedang dipindahkan
I disagree with what was being said at that meetingSaya tidak bersetuju dengan apa yang telah sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat itu
The hostages were being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu telah sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show was being held yesterday from 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.Pertunjukan itu telah sedang diadakan semalam pada jam 1 hingga 3 petang

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, struktur itu bererti begini : (Objek) telah sedang di(pasif).
- Perkataan 'was' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'I, singular'. Perkataan 'were' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'you, plural'.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'was/were' dalam struktur ini bererti 'telah'. Dalam bahasa Melayu, ia boleh disenyapkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris ia mesti disebut/dinyatakan.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'being' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sedang di'.
- Perkataan Inggeris ('Past Participle') digunakan bagi menunjukkan hal pasif.
- Dalam bahasa Melayu, frasa 'telah sedang' tidak pernah digunakan tapi dinyatakan dalam terjemahan diatas bagi memadankan dengan maksud 'tense' ('Past Perfect Continuous tense') dalam bahasa Inggeris.

10. Being digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Past Perfect Continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, singular, plural'.

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'has/have' + 'been' + 'being' + ('Past Participle').

EnglishMelayu
He had been being transferredDia sudah sedang dipindahkan
I disagree with what had been being said at that meetingSaya tidak bersetuju dengan apa yang sudah sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat itu
The hostages had been being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu sudah sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show had been being held yesterday from 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.Pertunjukan itu sudah sedang diadakan semalam pada jam 1 hingga 3 petang

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, struktur itu bererti begini : (Objek) telah sudah sedang di(pasif).
- Perkataan 'has' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'singular'. Perkataan 'have' digunakan jika (objek) ialah 'I, you, plural'.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'had' dalam struktur ini bererti 'telah sudah'. Dalam bahasa Melayu, ia boleh disenyapkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris ia mesti disebut/dinyatakan.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'being' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sedang di'.
- Perkataan Inggeris ('Past Participle') digunakan bagi menunjukkan hal pasif.
- Dalam bahasa Melayu, frasa 'telah sudah sedang' tidak pernah digunakan tapi dinyatakan dalam terjemahan diatas bagi memadankan dengan maksud 'tense' ('Past Perfect Continuous tense') dalam bahasa Inggeris.

11. 'Being' digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Future Continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, singular, plural').

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'will' + 'be' + 'being' + ('Past Participle').

EnglishMelayu
He will be being transferredDia akan sedang dipindahkan
I will disagree with what will be being said at that meetingSaya tidak akan bersetuju dengan apa yang akan sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat itu
The hostages most probably will be being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu besar kemungkinan akan sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show will be being held from 1:00 p.m. to 5 p.m tomorrowPertunjukan itu akan sedang diadakan dari jam 1 tengahari hingga 5 petang esok

12. 'Being' digunakan bagi bentuk pasif bagi 'Future Perfect Continuous tense' bagi semua objek ('I, you, singular, plural').

Struktur penggunaan : (Objek) + 'will' + 'have' + 'been' + 'being' + ('Past Participle').

EnglishMelayu
He will have been being transferredDia akan sudah sedang dipindahkan
I will disagree with what will have been being said at that meetingSaya tidak akan bersetuju dengan apa yang akan sudah sedang diperkatakan di mesyuarat itu
The hostages most probably will have been being held in a secret jungle locationOrang-orang tahanan itu besar kemungkinan akan sudah sedang ditahan di satu kawasan rahsia dalam hutan
The show will have been being held from 1:00 p.m. to 5 p.m tomorrowPertunjukan itu akan sudah sedang diadakan dari jam 1 tengahari hingga 5 petang esok

Catitan :

- Dalam bahasa Melayu, struktur itu bererti begini : (Objek) akan sudah sedang di(pasif).
- Dalam struktur ini perkataan 'have' digunakan bagi semua (objek) ('I, you, singular, plural').
- Perkataan Inggeris 'will have' dalam struktur ini bererti 'akan sudah'. Dalam bahasa Melayu, ia boleh disenyapkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris ia mesti disebut/dinyatakan.
- Perkataan Inggeris 'being' dalam struktur ini bererti 'sedang di'.
- Perkataan Inggeris ('Past Participle') digunakan bagi menunjukkan hal pasif.
- Dalam bahasa Melayu, frasa 'akan sudah sedang' tidak pernah digunakan tapi dinyatakan dalam terjemahan diatas bagi memadankan dengan maksud 'tense' ('Future Perfect Continuous tense') dalam bahasa Inggeris.



Catitan :

- 'Being' adalah satu penanda bagi 'continuous tense' ('Present Continuous tense', 'Present Perfect Continuous tense', 'Past Continuous tense', 'Past Perfecg Continuous tense', 'Future Continuous tense - for the present', 'Future Perfect Continuous tense - for the present', 'Future Continuous tense - for the past', 'Future Perfect Continuous tense - for the past'), maka perkataan 'being' tidak digunakan keatas 'non-verb' kerana 'non-verb' tidak boleh berada dalam keadaan 'continuous'. Andai kita berkata 'he is being sleepy' dimana maksud kita ialah 'dia sedang merasa mengantuk', ayat ini adalah salah kerana 'sleepy' ialah 'non-verb' dan perkataan 'being' pula digunakan. Ayat yang betul ialah 'he is sleepy' yang bermaksud 'dia mengantuk' (ayat ini betul kerana 'sleepy' adalah 'non-verb' dan perkataan 'being' tidak digunakan).



Ringkasan bagi penggunaan 'being' dalam pelbagai 'tense' (masa)

TenseBentukObjekContoh - 'Non-verb'Contoh - 'Verb'
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He has been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We have not been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He has not been being targeted
-
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He had been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We had not been being targeted
Past Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He had not been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifI - I will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifYou - You will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifPlural - We will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tensePasifSingular - He will have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifI - I will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifYou - You will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifPlural - We will not have been being targeted
Future Perfect Continuous tenseNegatif + PasifSingular - He will not have been being targeted
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifI - Have I been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Have you been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Have we been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Has he been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Have not I been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Have not you been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Have not we been being targeted ?
Present Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Has not he been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifI - Had I been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifYou - Had you been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifPlural - Had we been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : PasifSingular - Had he been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Had not I been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Had not you been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Had not we been being targeted ?
Past Perfect Continuous tenseSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Had not he been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : PasifI - Will I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : PasifYou - Will you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : PasifPlural - Will we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : PasifSingular - Will he have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Will not I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Will not you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Will not we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the presentSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Will not he have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : PasifI - Would I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : PasifYou - Would you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : PasifPlural - Would we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : PasifSingular - Would he have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : Negatif + PasifI - Would not I have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : Negatif + PasifYou - Would not you have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : Negatif + PasifPlural - Would not we have been being targeted ?
Future Perfect Continuous tense - For the pastSoalan : Negatif + PasifSingular - Would not he have been being targeted ?

Rujukan : http://www.manythings.org/audio/sentences/91.html