'Has to' adalah salah satu 'Modal verb'.
Contoh struktur penggunaan 'has to' :
1. Dalam bentuk 'aktif' : (Objek) + 'has to' + ('verb').
2. Dalam bentuk 'aktif' : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('non-verb').
3. Dalam bentuk 'aktif' : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('gerund').
4. Dalam bentuk 'pasif' : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('past participle').
1. Struktur penggunaan (dalam bentuk 'aktif') : (Objek) + 'has to' + ('verb').
'Has to' bererti 'mesti' (bagi 'he, she, it, singular').
'Has to' digunakan oleh :
1. Objek : 'He, she, it, this, that' dan lain-lain 'singular'.
2. Masa : 'Present tense'.
English - Infinitive | Melayu - Kata dasar | English | Melayu |
Clean | Bersih | She has to clean her desk | Dia mesti bersihkan mejanya |
Help | Tolong | He has to help his brother | Dia mesti tolong adiknya |
Write | Tulis | He has to write with pencil | Dia mesti menulis menggunakan pensil |
Kick | Sepak | He has to kick harder | Dia mesti menyepak dengan lebih kuat |
Speak | Cakap | She has to speak louder | Dia mesti bercakap lebih kuat |
Catitan :
- 'Verb' hendaklah dieja dalam bentuk 'infinitive'.
2. Struktur penggunaan (dalam bentuk 'aktif') : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('non-verb').
'Has to be' bererti 'mesti' atau 'mesti berkeadaan' .
'Has to be' digunakan oleh :
1. Objek : 'He, she, it, this, that' dan lain-lain 'singular'.
2. Masa : 'Present tense'.
English - Infinitive | Melayu - Kata dasar | English | Melayu |
Correct | Betul | This answer has to be correct | Jawapan ini mesti (yang) betul |
Clean | Bersih | She has to be clean | Dia mesti (berkeadaan) bersih |
Smart | Bijak | He has to be smart | Dia mesti bijak |
Hoax | Tipuan | It has to be a hoax | Itu mesti satu tipuan |
Concensus | Pendapat ramai | There has to be concensus | Mesti terdapat pendapat ramai |
3. Struktur penggunaan (dalam bentuk 'aktif') : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('gerund').
'Has to be' bererti 'mesti' (bagi objek 'he, she, it, this, that' dan lain-lain 'singular').
'Has to be' digunakan oleh :
1. Objek : 'He, she, it, this, that' dan lain-lain 'singular'.
2. Masa : 'Present tense'.
English - Infinitive | Melayu - Kata dasar | English | Melayu |
Write | Tulis | He has to be writing in pencil | Dia mesti menulis dengan pensil |
Sleep | Tidur | He has to be sleeping right now | Dia mesti (sedang) tidur sekarang |
Play | Main | Ali has to be playing with Ahmad | Ali mesti (sedang) bermain dengan Ahmad |
Perform | Persembah | She has to be performing in ten minutes | Dia mesti membuat persembahan sepuluh minit lagi |
Think | Fikir | There has to be lot of thinking on how to curb its growth | Mesti terdapat banyak buah fikiran bagaimana untuk mencegah pertumbuhannya |
4. Struktur penggunaan (dalam bentuk pasif) : (Objek) + 'has to be' + ('past participle')
'Has to be + ('past participle')' bererti 'mesti di(pasif)'.
'Has to be + ('past participle')' digunakan oleh :
1. Objek : 'He, she, it, this, that' dan lain-lain 'singular'.
2. Masa : 'Present tense'.
English - Infinitive | Melayu - Kata dasar | English | Melayu |
Practice | Amal | English has to be practiced every day by her | Bahasa Inggeris mestilah diamalkan setiap hari olehnya |
Stir | Kocak | This soup has to be stirred | Sup ini mesti dikocak |
Explain | Terang | The issue has to be explained | Isu itu mesti diterangkan |
Order | Pesan | The food has to be ordered before 6 | Makanan mesti dipesan sebelum jam 6 |
Repeat | Ulang | The question has to be repeated | Soalan itu mesti diulang |
Catitan :
- Kombinasi 'be' + ('past participle') memmbawa bentuk 'pasif'.
Catitan :
- Tiada 'does not has to' tapi 'does not have to'.
- Tiada 'does not has to be' tapi 'does not have to be'.
Ringkasan :
'Have to, has to dalam 'Simple Present tense'
Objek | Bentuk 'aktif' | Bentuk 'negatif' | Bentuk 'soalan' |
I, we, you, they, these, those, plural | I have to get up early | I do not have to get up early | Do I have to get up early ? |
He, she, it, this, that, singular | She has to get up early | She does not have to get up early | Does she have to get up early ? |
Had to dalam 'Simple Past tense'
Objek | Bentuk 'aktif' | Bentuk 'negatif' | Bentuk 'soalan' |
I, he, she, it, we, you, they, singular, plural | I had to get up early | I did not have to get up early | Did I have to get up early ? |
Menggunakan "Has to, Have to" dalam 'Present tense', 'Past tense', dan 'Future tense'.
Penggunaan | Bentuk 'aktif' 1. = Present. 2. = Past. 3. = Future. | Bentuk 'Negatif' 1. = Present. 2. = Past. 3. = Future. | Atau gunakan : |
Gunakan 'has/have to' bagi kepastian | 1. That has to be Jerry. They said he was tall with bright red hair. 2. That has to have been the right restaurant. There were no other restaurants on the street. 3. NONE | 1. Tukar 'has to/ have to' kepada' "MUST" : That must not be Jerry. They said he has blond hair, not red hair. 2. Tukar 'has to/have to' kepada "MUST" : That must not have been the right restaurant. I guess there was another one around there somewhere. 3. NONE | must, have got to, have to |
Gunakan 'has/have to' bagi keperluan | 1. She has to read four books for this literature class. 2. She had to finish the first book before the midterm. 3. She will have to finish the other books before the final exam. | 1. She doesn't have to read "Grapes of Wrath." It's optional reading for extra credit. 2. She didn't have to write a critique of "The Scarlet Letter." She had to give a presentation to her class. 3. She won't have to take any other literature classes. American Literature 101 is the only required course. | must |
Ingat: "Do not have to" atau "Must not" :
"Do not have to" membayangkan keperluan melakukan sesuatu.
"Must not" membayangkan bahawa anda dilarang sama sekali daripada melakukan sesuatu.
Contoh :
You must not eat that - It is forbidden, it is not allowed.
You don't have to eat that - You can if you want to, but it is not necessary.
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