29. Mengenali 'Gerund' (Nama Perbuatan)

Mengenali 'gerund' (nama perbuatan)

Dalam bahasa Inggeris, 'nama perbuatan' dipanggil 'Gerund'. Biasanya, ejaannya berakhir dengan 'ing'.

Contoh 'gerund' (Nama Perbuatan) :

English	Melayu
Swimming	Berenang
Teaching	Mengajar
Blogging	Berblog
Sleeping	Tidur
Eating	Makan

Contoh ayat menggunakan 'gerund' (Nama Perbuatan) :

English	Melayu	Catitan
Swimming is my favourite activity	Berenang adalah aktibiti kegemaran saya	Betul
Swim is my favourite activity	-	(Salah) - sebab 'swim' bukan 'gerund'
Teaching is his profession	Mengajar adalah kerjayanya	Betul
Teach is his profession	-	(Salah) - sebab 'teach' bukan 'gerund'
Blogging is her part-time job	Berblog adalah kerja sampingannya	Betul
Blog is her part-time job	-	(Salah) - sebab 'blog' adalah nama objek
Sleeping is important	Tidur adalah mustahak	Betul
Sleep is important	-	(Salah) - sebab 'sleep' bukan 'gerund'
Eating must be done slowly	Makan mesti dibuat perlahan-lahan	Betul
Eat must be done slowly	-	(Salah) - sebab 'eat' bukan 'gerund'
Drinking water is good	Minum air adalah bagus	Betul
Drink water is good	-	(Salah)
Walking is a good exercise	Berjalan adalah latihan yang bagus	Betul
Walk is a good exercise	-	(Salah)
Arranging tables in classroom is not difficult	Menyusun meja dalam kelas tidaklah susah	Betul
Arrange tables in classroom is not difficult	-	(Salah)
Throwing objects into the road is wrong	Membaling objek ke jalanraya adalah salah	Betul
Throw objects into the road is wrong	-	(Salah)
Standing for 10 minutes can make him faint	Berdiri selama 10 minit boleh membuat dia pengsan	Betul
Stand for 10 minutes can make him faint	-	(Salah)

Nama perbuatan ('gerund') dibina dari 'infinitive' (perkataan dasar sesuatu perbuatan).

Berikut adalah beberapa perkataan dasar sesuatu perbuatan dan nama perbuatannya.

Infinitive	Melayu	Gerund	Melayu
Smoke	Asap	Smoking	Merokok
Do	Buat	Doing	Membuat
Fight	Gaduh	Fighting	Bergaduh
Move	Pindah	Moving	Berpindah
Wait	Tunggu	Waiting	Menunggu
Play	Main	Playing	Bermain
Keep	Simpan	Keeping	Menyimpan
Work	Kerja	Working	Berkerja
Deal	Kendali	Dealing	Mengendali
Win	Menang	Winning	Memenangi

'Gerund' juga diguna selepas 'preposition'.

Contohnya :

Selepas perkataan 'for' : - For satisfying his wants. (Betul).
- For satisfy his wants. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'for' : - Excuse me for bothering you. (Betul).
- Excuse me for bother you. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'for' : - These are used for cracking walnuts. (Betul).
- These are used for crack walnuts. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'to' : - I look forward to hearing from you soon. (Betul).
- I look forward to hear from you soon. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'to' : - I am used to waiting for buses. (Betul).
- I am used to wait for buses. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'to' : - I don't object to working this Sunday. (Betul).
- I don't object to work this Sunday. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'about' : - I'm worried about not passing the test. (Betul).
- I'm worried about not pass the test. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'about' : - I'm angry about his missing the meeting. (Betul).
- I'm angry about his miss the meeting. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'about' : - We are thinking about walking in the woods. (Betul).
- We are thinking about walk in the woods. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'of' : - I'm afraid of flying. (Betul).
- I'm afraid of fly. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'of' : - I'm tired of arguing. (Betul).
- I'm tired of argue. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'before' : - Before going out he turned off the heating. (Betul).
- Before go out he turned off the heating. (Salah).
Selepas perkataan 'by' : - I passed the exam by remembering the equations. (Betul).
- I passed the exam by remember the equations. (Salah).

Perbezaan yang agak mengelirukan antara 'Gerund' dengan 'Present Participle':

Ejaan 'Gerund' sama dengan 'Present Participle'. Iaitu kedua-duanya berakhir dengan 'ing'. Tetapi 'Gerund' digunakan bersendirian, contohnya 'reading', manakala 'Present Participle' digunakan bersama dengan 'helping/auxiliary verb' seperti 'am, is, are, was, were, has, have, had' dsb untuk menunjukkan 'continuous tense'. 'Helping/auxiliary verb' itu berada sebelum 'Present Participle'.

Contohnya :

'Present Continuous tense' - : "I am reading", "He is reading", "We are reading".
'Present Perfect continuous tense' - : "I have been reading", "He has been reading".
'Past Continuous tense' - : "I was reading", "We were reading".
'Past Perfect Continuous tense' - : "I had been reading".
'Future Continuous tense' - : "I will be reading", "I would be reading".
'Future Perfect Continuous tense' - : "I will have been reading", "I would have been reading".

Perbezaan antara 'bahasa Inggeris' dan 'bahasa Melayu' mengenai 'gerund' :

Dalam bahasa Melayu, tiada penambahan khusus seperti dalam bahasa Inggeris dimana dibezakan 'gerund' dengan 'infinitive'. Contohnya, dalam bahasa Melayu, perkataan 'tidur' adalah digunakan bagi kedua-dua 'infinitive' (kata dasar) dan 'gerund' (nama perbuatan) tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris 'sleep' dan 'sleeping' digunakan masing-masingnya bagi 'infinitive' dan 'gerund'.

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